{"id":9794,"date":"2021-05-11T08:56:06","date_gmt":"2021-05-11T08:56:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/elblogdeidiomas.es\/?p=9794"},"modified":"2021-05-04T19:57:33","modified_gmt":"2021-05-04T19:57:33","slug":"sentence-structure-in-german-the-simple-and-extended-sentence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elblogdeidiomas.es\/en\/sentence-structure-in-german-the-simple-and-extended-sentence\/","title":{"rendered":"Sentence structure in German: the simple and extended sentence"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sentence structure in German: the simple and extended sentence<\/strong><\/h1>\n
\n

INDEX OF CONTENTS<\/p>\n

    \n
  • The simple statement in German: subject – verb – object<\/li>\n
  • The expanded sentence<\/li>\n
  • The structure of the German sentence<\/li>\n
  • Sentence order of German adverbs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

    A complete sentence consists of several elements: subjects, verbs, objects.\u00a0<\/strong>The verb is decisive in German sentences, because the verb determines how many additions (objects or subordinate clauses) are required and in which case they must appear.<\/p>\n

    In German, as in other languages, you can differentiate between\u00a0different types of sentences<\/strong>\u00a0:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Mit einem Aussagesatz werden Begebenheiten berichtet und Feststellungen getroffen (Er ging in den Zoo.)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      With a statement, incidents are reported and finds are made (he went to the zoo).<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Imperativs\u00e4tze sind befehlende oder verbietende Aufforderungen (R\u00e4ume endlich dein Zimmer auf!)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Imperative sentences are orders of command or prohibition (finally clean your room!)<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Frages\u00e4tze verlangen nach einer Antwort.\u00a0Dabei kann es sich um eine Erg\u00e4nzungsfrage (Warum hast du keinen Hunger?) Oder um eine Entscheidungsfrage (Hast du Hunger?) Handeln<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          The questions ask for an answer.\u00a0This can be a supplemental question (Why aren’t you hungry?) Or a decision question (Are you hungry?)<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Das Satzzeichen zeigt Ihnen, ob es sich um einen Aussagesatz, einen Fragesatz oder um einen Ausrufesatz handelt.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            The punctuation mark shows you\u00a0whether it is a propositional sentence<\/strong>\u00a0, a question mark, or an exclamation point.<\/p>\n

            There are\u00a0declarations that consist of only two or three words<\/strong>\u00a0, but other declarations are supplemented by subordinate clause constructions.<\/p>\n

            The simple statement in German: subject –\u00a0verb\u00a0– object<\/strong><\/h2>\n

            In a statement, the verb always comes second.<\/p>\n

            If the verb consists of several parts<\/strong>\u00a0, for example, in separable verbs\u00a0einkaufen, anfangen<\/em>\u00a0(buy, begin) or in verb constructions that are necessary for different tenses\u00a0ich werde laufen, du bist gelaufen<\/em>\u00a0(I will run, you ran), the conjugate part is in the second position and the rest at the end of the sentence.<\/p>\n

            Remember this basic order:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
              \n
            • Subjekt konjugierter Verbteil Objekt (nicht konjugierter Verbteil)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Subject part of the conjugated verb Object (part of the unconjugated verb).<\/p>\n

              The subject is the object of the sentence<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0It is in nominative.\u00a0You can answer the topic with the question\u00a0wer?\u00a0oder was?\u00a0<\/em>“who?\u00a0or what?”.<\/p>\n

              The ending of a sentence is called an object.\u00a0An object is in the case\u00a0Genitiv, Dativ oder Akkusativ<\/em>\u00a0(genitive, dative or accusative).<\/p>\n

              The object can be omitted for very short sentences.\u00a0So the sentence consists only of a subject and a verb.<\/p>\n

              Examples:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Das Kind spielt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                (the kid is playing)<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Sie lacht.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  (She laughs).<\/p>\n

                  Attention:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                  Without subject and verb it is not a sentence in German!\u00a0<\/strong>These two items should appear.<\/p>\n

                  Most German verbs, however, need at least one object to form a correct sentence.\u00a0In sentences with a single object, this is usually in the accusative.<\/p>\n

                  The exceptions to this are objects that require a preposition that requires a different case.<\/p>\n

                  Examples of simple sentences in German with subject, verb and object:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Ich spiele Karten<\/em>\u00a0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    I play cards.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Susanne kauft Gem\u00fcse und Obst ein<\/em>\u00a0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      Susanne buys vegetables and fruits.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • Martin hat den Bus verpasst<\/em>\u00a0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        Martin has missed the bus.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • Sie wird das Buch lesen.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          She is going to read the book.<\/p>\n

                          The expanded sentence<\/strong><\/h2>\n

                          A simple sentence in German\u00a0consists of at least two elements<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0A subject and a verb.<\/p>\n

                          The verb is the most important element in a sentence.\u00a0The verb is used to determine how many objects the sentence should be added to<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0In this article you will learn about the structure of sentences in German that consist of more than three elements (subject, verb and object).<\/p>\n

                          The structure of the German sentence<\/strong>\u00a0:<\/h2>\n

                          Sentences with two objects<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Most sentences consist not only of subject, verb, and object, but of various elements.\u00a0The number of objects depends on the verb, many verbs require two objects.\u00a0One is usually in the accusative, the other in the dative.\u00a0A set with two objects is basically structured as follows:<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • Subjekt konjugierter Verbteil indirektes Objekt direktes Objekt (nicht konjugierter Verbteil)\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            Subject part of the conjugated verb indirect object direct object (part of the unconjugated verb)<\/p>\n

                            The subject is the object of the sentence<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0It is usually in the nominative\u00a0wer \u201coder\u201e was<\/em>\u00a0(\u201cwho\u201d or \u201cwhat\u201d?) And it appears first in the sentence.<\/p>\n

                            The verb is in second place<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0If the verb consists of two parts, the part of the conjugated verb is in the second position, the part of the unconjugated verb at the end of the sentence.<\/p>\n

                            The indirect object also becomes the dative object (“who?”)<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0In sentences with two objects, the person is usually in the dative, that is, the indirect object and the thing in the accusative (direct object).<\/p>\n

                            Examples of sentences with two objects:<\/h3>\n
                              \n
                            • Er verspricht ihr ein sch\u00f6nes Leben.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              It promises you a good life.<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • Ihr Garten bereitet ihr Freude.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                Enjoy your garden.<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • Die Sonne scheint mir ins Gesicht.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  The sun is shining on my face.<\/p>\n

                                  Sentence order of German adverbs<\/strong><\/h2>\n

                                  Have you already dealt with German adverbs?\u00a0So you know that\u00a0the adverb is in the first position of a sentence or in the middle of the sentence<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0If the adverb is in the first position, the sentence structure shown above changes.\u00a0The subject is written after the verb.\u00a0The verb remains in the second position.\u00a0Then come the objects.<\/p>\n

                                  Examples of sentences with adverbs at the beginning of the sentence:<\/h4>\n
                                    \n
                                  • Heute geht Johannes mit Susanne in die Stadt.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                    Today Johannes is going to town with Susanne.<\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    • Danach werde ich mir ein Eis kaufen.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      Then I’ll buy an ice cream.<\/p>\n

                                      Adverbs can also be found in the\u00a0Mittelfeld sentence<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0The information usually follows a certain sequence:<\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      • Temporaladverb (wann?)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                        Temporal adverb (when?)<\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        • Kausaladverb (warum?)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                          Causal adverb (why?)<\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          • Modaladverb (wie?)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                            Modal adverb (how?)<\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            • Lokaladverb (wo? Wohin?)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                              Local adverb (where? Where?)<\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                              • Johannes geht heute (wann?)\u00a0<\/em>In Mainz (wo?) Einkaufen<\/em>\u00a0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                Today (when?) Johannes goes shopping in Mainz (where?)<\/p>\n

                                                  \n
                                                • Susanne kauft sich (wem?) Wegen der Hitze (wem?) In der Eisdiele ein Eis (wo?).<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                  Susanne buys (from whom?) because of the heat (from whom?) At the ice cream parlor (where?).<\/p>\n\n\n

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                                                  \n \u00a1D\u00e9janos unas estrellitas si te ha gustado el post!<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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